NAACP

Labor and civil rights groups are urging the Biden administration to investigate claims of systemic racism and sexism at call-center provider Maximus.

Whether you feel like you have a strong understanding of black history, or you're working to learn more, we've assembled 10 facts, or anecdotes, from history.com, to help you grow your knowledge base.

Several members are wanting more attention to be drawn towards the system of law enforcement.

The NAACP's 2023 legislative agenda places heavy focus on education.

A federal court has ruled South Carolina lawmakers illegally used race as the basis to redraw the boundaries of one of its U.S. House districts.

The federal government will put $600 million toward repairing the troubled water system in Mississippi’s capital city — a project that the mayor has said could cost billions of dollars.

Civil rights groups and three Michigan asked the judge to allow them to file an amended complaint against Trump.

A federal trial to determine whether South Carolina’s congressional maps are legal is closing with arguments over whether the state Legislature diluted Black voting power.

The NAACP rolled out a new Voter Incident Report Form where voters can report incidences of voter intimidation as they head to the polls on Election Day.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has announced it is investigating whether Mississippi state agencies discriminated against the state’s majority-Black capital city by refusing to fund improvements for its failing water system.

A North Carolina sheriff was recorded making racially offensive comments towards Black employees in 2019. The state's NAACP has demanded his resignation.

The NAACP on Tuesday accused Mississippi of discriminating against Black residents by denying badly needed federal funds for drinking water infrastructure in Jackson and instead diverting money to largely-white communities that needed it less.

The NAACP was joined by the youth council to help get voters registered and raise money for their organization.

North Carolina's influential state chapter of the NAACP has lost its federal tax-exempt status for failing to file tax returns for three years, according to the federal government. The Internal Revenue Service stripped the civil rights organization's state chapter of its tax-exempt status May 15 under a process that automatically revokes the designation for nonprofits that fail to file federal tax returns for three consecutive years, according to a post on the IRS site.

President Biden announced a new proposal aimed at reducing crime and gun violence during a trip to Pennsylvania Tuesday. His trip to the swing state comes roughly two months ahead of November's midterm elections. CBS News chief White House correspondent Nancy Cordes has more on the president's speech.

The president of the Orange County branch of the NAACP announced her resignation on Sunday in a Facebook post, accusing the organization of anti-Asian racism. Dr. Vanessa Toolsie, the first South Asian leader of the organization, held the post for less than six months. In an extensive Facebook post from the Orange Country branch’s page, Toolsie said she had informed other leaders in the branch of her intentions to leave weeks prior.

On Tuesday, the Montgomery Museum of Art and History said the NAACP will present its Black History Collection to the museum in August.

The Rev. T. Anthony Spearman, a civil rights advocate and former president of the North Carolina branch of the NAACP who also served as president of the N.C. Council of Churches, has been found dead, authorities said Wednesday. Spearman, 71, was found in his home on Tuesday, the Guilford County Sheriff's Office said in a news release. The death was confirmed earlier in the day by Mark Cummings, a Greensboro attorney who said he was representing Spearman.

When Mason, Tennessee, faced losing its ability to govern its own finances in a fight with white state officials earlier this year, doing so brought a

Derrick Johnson has previously urged Biden to forgive at least $50,000 in loans per borrower, saying that student debt is racial justice issue.

Texas Tech coach Tim Tadlock begins the press conference with an opening statement on Uvalde, Texas.

The NAACP has proposed policy aimed at preventing future acts of racist domestic terrorism that involves law enforcement, regulation and gun control.

Community, business and civic leaders were honored on Friday during the Roanoke Branch NAACP’s 22nd Annual Citizen of the Year Awards.

Book review of White Lies: The Double Life of Walter F. White and America’s Darkest Secret by A. J. Baime

The U.S. Senate still must pass the CROWN Act before it can be approved by President Biden.

Hudson wins entertainer of the year at the 53rd annual NAACP Image Awards honoring work by entertainers of color, beating out Regina King, Lil Nas X, Megan Thee Stallion and Tiffany Haddish.

Jennifer Hudson was named entertainer of the year at the 53rd annual NAACP Image Awards that highlighted works by entertainers and writers of color.

Prince Harry and Meghan, the Duke and Duchess of Sussex, will receive the President’s Award during the 53rd NAACP Image Awards this weekend.

"I was confused, like, why they saw me as a bad person," the teen said of the police officers who pinned him down while the other boy sat on a couch.

"I was confused, like, why they saw me as a bad person," the teen said of the police officers who pinned him down while the other boy sat on a couch.

The Roanoke branch of the NAACP is speaking out in support of voter rights and asking everyone to keep fighting.

Donald Trump and co-defendants argue that Jan. 6 lawsuits should be tossed. The lawsuits assert that Trump should be held accountable for inciting the Capitol riot.

A federal court panel in Chicago on Thursday upheld a Democratic redrawing of the state’s 177 legislative district boundaries, paving the way for next year’s statehouse elections and rejecting challenges from Republicans and Latino and Black advocacy groups that argued it violated voting rights laws.

Several organizations, including the Maryland chapter of the NAACP, are calling for male staff members at Howard County High School in the Baltimore suburb of […]

Associate Attorney General Vanita Gupta issued the following statement regarding the settlement reached between the U.S. Postal Service and the NAACP:“The right to vote and ability to access the ballot is the cornerstone of our democracy. The department is pleased we could facilitate a resolution that reflects the commitment of all of the parties to appropriately handling and prioritizing election mail.”

"It's hard for African-Americans to reconcile what we witnessed in that trial," Derrick Johnson said.

The following is a transcript of an interview with NAACP President and CEO Derrick Johnson that aired Sunday, November 21, 2021, on "Face the Nation."

The pardon allows Dontae Sharpe to apply for compensation for his wrongful conviction for first-degree murder. A witness against him said her claims were made up, based on what investigators told her.

North Carolina Gov. Roy Cooper on Friday pardoned a man who spent 24 years behind bars for a murder he has long said he did not commit. Cooper’s pardon of innocence allows Dontae Sharpe to apply for compensation up to $750,000 for his wrongful conviction. “Mr. Sharpe and others who have been wrongly convicted deserve to have that injustice fully and publicly acknowledged," the governor said in a statement announcing he had pardoned the man after a careful review of the case.

The civil rights organization cited the state's recent voting and abortion laws in a letter sent to all professional sports players' associations.

The civil rights organization cited the state's recent voting and abortion laws in a letter sent to all professional sports players' associations.

The civil rights organization cited the state's recent voting and abortion laws in a letter sent to all professional sports players' associations.

One of several legal challenges to North Carolina’s contentious voter ID law is on hold amid a dispute over whether two justices on the state Supreme Court should recuse themselves.

"Until the legislation is overturned, Texas isn't safe for anyone," the letter reads.

The Roanoke Branch NAACP is holding its 4th Annual Drive-Thru Voter Registration on Saturday, Sept. 4.

Human Rights Watch on Thursday said the thousands of rockets fired by the Palestinian militant group Hamas during the 11-day war with Israel “violated the laws of war and amount to war crimes." The New York-based rights group investigated Hamas rocket attacks that killed 12 civilians in Israel, as well as a misfired rocket that killed seven Palestinians inside the Gaza Strip.

The groups that sued said California’s law chills the protected First Amendment speech of charitable donors and violates their right to free association.

Exclusive: How will Washington quell the disdain in the Black community over Juneteenth becoming a federal holiday when voting rights and police reform bills remain in jeopardy? Tune in as I sign the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act into law.

Leaders from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints are unveiling $9.25 million in new educational and humanitarian projects as they seek to build on an alliance formed with the NAACP in 2018.

Racism and angst pervade this work created by a Kansas City native and a KU professor.

The Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921, one of the worst acts of racial violence in U.S. history. But two years prior to the carnage in Tulsa, another violent wave of hate took hold in the country.

The latest noose was found on the same day a meeting between the NAACP and employees was scheduled.

The University of Lynchburg is making strides in building unity and fighting for racial justice. The institution recently chartered its NAACP chapter -- the first collegiate chapter in Central Virginia.

The letter, signed by more than 250 prominent women of color, calls statehood "a matter of life and death."

The University of Texas has announced that its marching band and pep band will be required to play “The Eyes of Texas” school song when they return to performing.

One Community, One Voice hosted the prayer vigil Wednesday at Lynchburg’s Monument Terrace, which included faith and city leaders and the police department.

There are growing calls for change across the Commonwealth after body camera video showed a traffic stop that ended with a Black and Latino Army officer getting pepper-sprayed.

Virginia’s NAACP state chapter is launching a campaign to end qualified immunity in the Commonwealth.

NAACP President and CEO Derrick Johnson joins Major to talk about the trial of Derek Chauvin, the Black Lives Matter movement, Georgia’s new voter restrictions, and athletes’ fight to earn payment from the NCAA on this week's episode of "The Takeout with Major Garrett."

NAACP President Derrick Johnson spoke with CBS News' Major Garrett for this week's episode of "The Takeout" podcast.

Georgia NAACP and voting rights groups file another federal lawsuit to block new election law On Monday, Georgia's NAACP and voting rights groups filed a second federal lawsuit seeking to block sweeping changes to the state's voting process that are set to take place under a new bill signed by Republican Governor Brian Kemp. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reporter Mark Niesse joins CBSN's "Red & Blue" anchor Elaine Quijano with more.

The NAACP has given him its Jackie Robinson Sports Award. And, for the first time, the nation's oldest civil rights organization is recognizing more than one person by honoring the WNBA Players Association. Ad“I am so proud of the WNBA players for this well-deserved recognition of their continued activism and advocacy for social justice and equality," WNBA Commissioner Cathy Engelbert said in a statement provided to the AP. Warriors coach Steve Kerr, outspoken on many issues himself, admires the WNBA players for their activism. “I love what the WNBA players have done.

Nearly four years after the NAACP warned travelers that their civil rights may not be respected if they visit the state, a Black woman has become the face of Missouri's tourism campaign. (Missouri Division of Tourism via AP). – A Black woman has become the face of Missouri's tourism campaign, nearly four years after the NAACP warned travelers that their civil rights may not be respected if they visit the state. Pictures also show her posing as a Foodie Mo, Barbecue Mo, Lake Mo, History Mo and more. He said Visit Missouri, the tourism website that features Mo, “auditioned over 200 actors and actresses with strong ties to Missouri.

(AP Photo/Jessica Hill)Mia Schultz has watched three other Black women in Vermont leave leadership posts in the mostly white state because of harassment and threats. Democratic state Rep. Kiah Morris, who was the only Black woman in the Vermont state Legislature, resigned that year partially in response to harassment from a self-described white nationalist. Anyone holding public office or high profile advocacy roles takes on risks as a public figure, but Black women face harassment and threats of violence aimed at them for both their gender and race. It's a challenge Black women leaders across the United States face and coincides with a surge of women, and women of color, running for office. Just this week during Vermont's annual town meetings, at least three Black women won seats on town and school boards.

DANVILLE, Va. – A board game meant to celebrate Danville’s history has instead created a conversation on what may have been left out. Danville NAACP president Tommy Bennett spoke during Tuesday’s city council meeting about his frustrations with the game, “Danville-opoly.” Bennett worried the game shunned Danville’s Black history, such as including the Union Street Bridge but not the Martin Luther King, Jr. Bridge. “It did leave out a lot of Danville, and it left out the Black community,” Bennett told the city council. It has George Washington High School, but it doesn’t have the former Langston High School.”The company behind Danville-opoly, Cincinnati-based Late for the Sky, responded to 10 News’ inquiry about the game. The statement claims Late for the Sky offered to take Bennett’s advice on Danville’s Black historical sites after he called the company in February.

Jordan went to DePauw University in Indiana, where he was the only Black student in his class and one of five at the college. Distinguishing himself through academics, oratory and athletics, he graduated in 1957 with a bachelor’s degree in political science and went on to attend Howard University School of Law in Washington. While there, he married his first wife, Shirley Yarbrough.

Congressman Bennie Thompson, the Democratic lawmaker who is partnering with the NAACP in a lawsuit against former President Trump and Rudy Giuliani, says he is looking forward to his day in court. If he doesn't, we will put him out of business," Thompson, the chair of the House Homeland Security Committee, told CBSN in an interview Wednesday. He spoke along with NAACP President Derrick Johnson about the legal action they are pursuing against those they want held accountable for the January 6 assault on the U.S. Capitol. Mr. Trump issued a statement saying he "did not incite or conspire to incite" the violence at the Capitol. Thompson said the arguments and evidence brought by his House colleagues "justify this lawsuit."

Congressman Bennie Thompson, the Democratic lawmaker who is partnering with the NAACP in a lawsuit against former President Trump and Rudy Giuliani, says he is looking forward to his day in court. If he doesn't, we will put him out of business," Thompson, the chair of the House Homeland Security Committee, told CBSN in an interview Wednesday. He spoke along with NAACP President Derrick Johnson about the legal action they are pursuing against those they want held accountable for the January 6th assault on the U.S. Capitol. Mr. Trump issued a statement saying he "did not incite or conspire to incite" the violence at the Capitol. Thompson said the arguments and evidence brought by his House colleagues "justify this lawsuit."

The NAACP said two other Democrats, Congressman Hank Johnson of Georgia and Congresswoman Bonnie Watson Coleman of New Jersey, plan to join the litigation. As Mr. Trump is out of office, he no longer enjoys some of the legal protections afforded to presidents. While he was acquitted by the Senate on the charge of incitement of insurrection Saturday, some Republicans have suggested Mr. Trump could be held accountable for his actions through the criminal justice system. In their complaint, Thompson and the NAACP lay out the campaign by Mr. Trump and Giuliani to reverse the outcome of the 2020 election, including tweets and remarks from the weeks before the assault falsely claiming the presidential election was stolen. Democrats asked Mr. Trump to testify during the trial, though his lawyers swiftly declined the invitation.

The suit comes three days after Trump was acquitted of inciting the riot at his second impeachment trial by the Senate. Trump for months before Election Day had said without evidence the 2020 presidential contest would be tainted by fraud. Jason Miller, a spokesman for Trump, said in a statement, "President Trump has been acquitted in the Democrats' latest Impeachment Witch Hunt, and the facts are irrefutable." "President Trump did not plan, produce or organize the Jan. 6 rally on the Ellipse. President Trump did not incite or conspire to incite any violence at the Capitol on Jan. 6," Miller said.

NAACP president on Trump's impeachment: Capitol assault "was an act of treason" As former President Trump's impeachment trial gets underway, the NAACP says "the Senate must convict him swiftly." Derrick Johnson, the president and CEO of the NAACP, joins CBSN to discuss.

NAACP leader on the importance of Black History Month NAACP president and CEO Derrick Johnson joins CBSN to discuss the importance of understanding Black history as well as how the NAACP is marking its 112th anniversary.

NAACP leader on the importance of Black History Month NAACP president and CEO Derrick Johnson joined CBSN to discuss the importance of understanding Black history as well as how the NAACP is marking its 112th anniversary.

AMHERST COUNTY, Va. – A local NAACP chapter is urging the Amherst County Board of Supervisors not to adopt any First Amendment Sanctuary resolution against Governor Ralph Northam’s COVID-19 restrictions. “[A resolution] is not a great thing because health matters,” said Gloria Witt, a member of the Amherst County NAACP chapter. The chapter started an online petition to support restrictions and oppose Amherst County from accepting a resolution of their own. Witt points out that while they’ve collected 400 signatures so far, only a fraction are from Amherst County residents. Dean Rodgers, Amherst County administrator, says the Board is still in the drafting stage.

NAACP President Derrick Johnson on Thursday criticized police inaction toward Trump supporters who attacked the U.S. Capitol on Wednesday, saying it showed a double standard when compared to how law enforcement responded to Black Lives Matter protesters this summer. The response to Black Lives Matter protesters, he said, "was as if they were criminals, and they were simply carrying out a First Amendment right to protest." Law enforcement did not have the same presence at the Capitol during the pro-Trump riots. "No one can tell me that if it had been a group of Black Lives Matter protestors yesterday that they wouldn't have been treated very differently than the mob that stormed the Capitol," Biden tweeted. No one can tell me that if it had been a group of Black Lives Matter protestors yesterday that they wouldn’t have been treated very differently than the mob that stormed the Capitol.

NAACP head decries using racism to score political points in wake of Capitol mob The riots at the U.S. Capitol have ignited calls for impeachment and removal from office of President Trump and prompted civil rights leaders to criticize a double standard in how law enforcement reacted to the mob Wednesday versus how it responded to Black Lives Matter protests last year. NAACP President and CEO Derrick Johnson joins CBSN to discuss how the incident and the deep racial divide in the country.

NAACP leader on the decision not to charge officer in Jacob Blake shooting The Kenosha, Wisconsin district attorney's office has announced it will not bring charges against Officer Rustin Sheskey in the shooting of Jacob Blake. NAACP president and CEO Derrick Johnson joined CBSN to talk about the decision.

COLUMBIA, S.C. – The city of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, was motivated by race when it created a traffic plan designed to “suck the fun” out of Black Bike Week, a federal jury has found. But the same jury sided against the bikers, saying the city probably would have imposed the plan anyway. The Black bikers have been particularly frustrated by a 23-mile (37-kilometer) one-way no-exit traffic chute that funnels them out of town during the peak nights of Atlantic Beach Bikefest, otherwise known as Black Bike Week. The NAACP has tussled in court with the city, as well as local restaurants and a hotel, over their responses to the Black bikers for nearly two decades. That settlement expired in 2015, when the new traffic plan was established.

COLUMBIA, S.C. – Motorcycle clubs roar into Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, each May for separate week-long rallies, one mostly white, the other mostly Black. White bikers rolling in days earlier for Harley Week each May are treated differently, Black bikers say. In opening arguments last week to five Black and four white jurors, an NAACP lawyer said Myrtle Beach during Bikefest is “like a city under martial law," The Sun News of Myrtle Beach reported. The Atlantic Beach event soon sprawled into nearby towns, including Myrtle Beach, where most of the 35,000 residents are white. Myrtle Beach city and Chamber of Commerce officials refused to talk about the trial.

Advocacy groups say that is more difficult for some with a rise in voter suppression efforts since 2008. “Your voting right is one of the most important things that you have,” said Dr. Brenda Hale, president of the Roanoke branch of the NAACP. Hale said the NAACP works to register eligible voters, educate them and get them to the polls. She said the organization is also on the lookout for instances of voter suppression. Voter suppression is defined as strategies, legal or illegal, to prevent eligible voters from voting or registering to vote.

ROANOKE, Va. – Two separate rallies in Roanoke Sunday afternoon were motivated by the same goal: justice for Breonna Taylor. Breonna Taylor was shot and killed by police officers in Louisville, Kentucky on March 13. “It’s modern day lynching: death by police brutality," said Roanoke NAACP chapter president Brenda Hale. The NAACP’s event featured several prominent Roanoke politicians, including Del. No Justice No Peace’s demonstration was more expressive, while the NAACP’s event was more introspective.

NEW YORK Tyler Perry has won awards from the NAACP and BET. Now he's getting a big one from the Television Academy: He and his foundation are the recipients of the 2020 Governors Award. Tyler Perry has changed the face of television and inspired a new generation of content creators. He pioneered a new brand of storytelling that engages people of color both in front of and behind the camera, and his shows have resonated with a global audience, said Governors Award selection committee Chair Eva Basler in a statement. The award honors an individual or organization in the television arts and sciences whose achievement is so exceptional and universal in nature that it goes beyond the scope of annual Emmy Awards recognition.Previous recipients of the Governors Award include Star Trek, American Idol, Masterpiece Theater and Comic Relief.

AMHERST, Va. – A peaceful protest for civil rights popped up in Amherst Saturday evening. “No lives matter if Black lives can’t matter, and we have to say Black lives,” said Amherst NAACP President Gloria Witt. “They don’t think about us as a young voice. Some say, ‘oh, you’re so young, you don’t need to be heard.’”Before the march, county leaders explained what steps they have taken for equality. “As young people, don’t let anyone tell you that you can’t do what you can’t do,” Watkins said.

FRANKLIN COUNTY, Va. – Black and white, young and old, about three dozen people gathered at the Pigg River Community Center Thursday afternoon to listen to community leaders speak about topics related to the coronavirus. The event was organized by the Franklin County NAACP chapter. “We’re just trying to make it known that there is an NAACP chapter in Franklin County,” Franklin County NAACP President Walter Lawson Jr. said. Questions for Franklin County Schools’ superintendent, not all of which were related to the virus, however, took up the bulk of the hour-long event. Volunteers were also on hand to help people become members of the Franklin County NAACP and register to vote.

ROCKY MOUNT, Va. – The NAACP addressed the current rise in coronavirus cases and how the police, schools and health departments are handling it among the African-American community. NAACP news conference in Rocky Mount The NAACP is addressing the current rise in coronavirus cases in Franklin County and how the police, schools and the health departments are handling it among the African-American community. Posted by WSLS 10 / WSLS.com on Thursday, July 9, 2020The Rocky Mount NAACP President Rev Walter Lawson and the Regional NAACP President Brenda Hale hosted this event. We apologize for some technical difficulties with the video.

ROANOKE, Va. – Juneteenth commemorations happened all across the country on Friday, but Roanoke’s celebration had a different set of leaders. Roanoke’s NAACP Youth Council organized Friday afternoon’s Juneteenth march through Roanoke’s Gainsboro neighborhood. “I realized I’m black inside and out, and I’m proud of that fact.”Several notable Roanokers attended the Juneteenth commemoration, including Mayor Sherman Lea, Police Chief Sam Roman, and Del. Washington-Brown said she’s optimistic Roanoke can make even more social progress by the time next Juneteenth comes, especially if people her age speak up. “I hope that other youth see this, and are encouraged to step forward and use their voices,” Washington-Brown said.

LYNCHBURG, Va. – The Juneteenth celebrations will continue in Lynchburg on Saturday. Members of Lynchburg’s NAACP are asking people to participate in a 5-mile bike ride for racial justice. Organizers said the bike ride will honor the holiday, show solidarity and raise money for the local chapter. People will gather at Percival Isle near the LOVE sign at 1 p.m.

COVINGTON, Va. – A local community is resurging its chapter of the NAACP. Residents of Clifton Forge and Covington are organizing to create one chapter in the Highlands. Right now, they are short of the 100 members needed to become official, so organizers are holding a membership drive. The vice mayor of Clifton Forge says when she got elected to council that’s when the community started coming to her, asking to bring the chapter back. She says their biggest concerns were access to jobs and economic opportunities for minorities.

LYNCHBURG, Va. – The local NAACP chapter organized a demonstration at Monument Terrace in downtown Lynchburg on Tuesday. It followed nights of unrest that led to several arrests across the city and a mandatory 8 p.m. curfew. “I think it’s rooted in the right place but I think it’s also going to follow the same lines we’re all fighting right now. Let’s do that Lynchburg," shouted one of the clergy officials. Similar to the prayer vigil hosted by the Lynchburg faith-based community on Monday, local NAACP chapter leaders said events like Tuesday’s demonstration and clearly-defined strategy are the best ways to move forward.

LYNCHBURG, Va. – Emotions ran high in downtown Lynchburg Tuesday at the local NAACP chapters demonstration. Perhaps the height of it all was when an officer stood alongside protesters. “It was 100% wrong and we just want to let the community know as an officer and the Lynchburg Police Department, we are here to support [them]," said an emotional Carson. The event was held at Monument Terrace in downtown Lynchburg. In an effort to better relations between the community and officers, Carson has organized a group that will speak with organizations or individuals one-on-one across the Hill City.

Lucy Addison Middle School needs us. Hale delivered an impassioned speech to dozens of people at Lucy Addison Middle School Monday evening in response to a fifth principal in 18 months leaving last week. The acting principal is Jonathan Rosser, a product of Roanoke City Schools and a 1995 graduate of William Flemming High School. Many teachers at Addison have had questions about administration, telling 10 News off camera that students are not always on their best behaviors. They pledged to step up and do something, whatever it may be, to save Lucy Addison and its students.

ROANOKE, Va. – The Roanoke Branch of the NAACP is hosting a news conference at Lucy Addison Middle School after another principal has left the school.

ROANOKE, Va. – While most people celebrated the start of a new decade on New Years’ Day, hundreds of people packed into a Northwest Roanoke church to commemorate a different holiday. The Roanoke chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) hosted a Jubilee Day celebration Wednesday afternoon. Jubilee Day commemorates the day in 1863 when President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation to end slavery. Roanoke NAACP President Brenda Hale hopes the people who came to celebrate Jubilee Day went into 2020 as motivated as ever. We cannot be silent, no matter how oppressed people are in our nation.”Roanoke mayor Sherman Lea also addressed the Jubilee Day crowd.

AFP/Getty ImagesRICHMOND, Va. - A local chapter of the NAACP is suing a Virginia county in an effort to change the names of schools named in honor of Confederate leaders. The Hanover County chapter of the NAACP said Friday that it was filing a federal lawsuit challenging the school names on constitutional grounds. The group says the county is forcing black students to attend schools that venerate Confederate imagery in violation of both the First and Fourteenth Amendments. The lawsuit said the county is compelling speech in support of "a legacy of segregation and oppression." The Hanover Board of Supervisors recently ousted a school board member who voted to change the names of Lee-Davis High School and Stonewall Jackson Middle School.

Over the next few days, white mobs stormed the streets attacking blacks indiscriminately. Scores of black men and women were killed that year in racial violence. "Overwhelmingly, it was whites attacking blacks," Krugler told CNN. "The Red Summer doesn't fit into the stories we tell ourselves about US history," Krugler says. Blacks across the country set up armed self-defense patrols to protect the communities the police failed to protect, Krugler says.